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DARE, our energy system model

Our energy system model, your net-zero pathways

Transforming the energy system towards net-zero is a unique challenge. Our energy model DARE (Deloitte Applied Research on Energy), rooted in deep industrial know-how and rich techno-economic data, offers robust insights on risks and opportunities in the journey towards a new energy landscape.

Navigating the clean energy transition

Mitigating climate change requires ambitious action by all stakeholders. Most countries are now putting net-zero objectives high on their agendas.  However, the clean energy transition still requires unprecedented investments in low-carbon technologies and related infrastructure to meet timely net-zero emissions targets.

Those major challenges call for a significant effort of both anticipation and strategy. As the task is substantial in its complexity and scope, visibility is needed to identify the key technologies to support and the policies to implement. These arbitrations should, however, consider numerous constraints, from resource availability to the feasible pace of technology deployment or public acceptance. Those pave the way for establishing robust and credible roadmaps, which our DARE model can help identify and overcome.

Our expertise

Our system-wide energy model DARE (Deloitte Applied Research on Energy) is a powerful tool to accompany private and public actors along the transition journey. Thanks to its academic roots and industrial application, it already encompasses over 200 technologies, depicting an up-to-date picture of the energy transition landscape. DARE allows assessing the competition among technologies and quantifying the energy and feedstocks needed to address the demand for heat, power, transport and industrial products. The main results encompass investments, utilization of resource, technology deployment, and production costs while considering the impact of the latest developments on markets and regulation. This unique view of the energy system makes it possible to address specific questions related to any sector and sub-sectors, or to establish exhaustive roadmaps on a broader scale.

DARE is a flexible, transparent and modular tool. While our model has been successfully deployed for Europe, at a country level, the model can expand to other geographies with the desired spatial granularity (e.g. provinces, counties, etc). Its wide range of indicators and level of resolution allows DARE to address issues ranging from industry-specific arbitrages to regional roadmap towards net zero. In addition, DARE can be used in conjunction with the quantitative economic models developed by Deloitte to gain an overview of the interactions between several macroeconomic scenarios and their consequences for the European energy market.

 

Source: Deloitte analysis based on the DARE model. Reference year 2018 is based on data from JRC1.

 

A comprehensive embedded dashboard for getting quick insights on key metrics for each scenario. Trades-off between technologies, resources used or heat supply options are presented, describing a cost-optimal energy system satisfying all product demands.

Source: Deloitte analysis based on the DARE model. Reference year 2018 is based on data from Eurostat2.

 

DARE allows tracking all the emissions of all sectors of the economy, from the power production to the transport sector. Thanks to the model inherent flexibility, options to include upstream or downstream emissions are offered unveiling the impact of the Net-Zero emission scope and/or that of the carbon prices.

Source: Deloitte analysis based on the DARE model. Reference year 2018 is based on data from EEA3.

 

The evolution of energy and material flows, GHG emissions and technology mix can all be obtained at a country level. Similarly, power exchange and material flows are outlined in the interface, based the evolution of each countries production costs.

Why Deloitte?

  • Customization: The model's flexibility enables to answer tailored questions with reduced development costs, including tailored visualization and SaaS option.
  • Robust scenario design: Specific scenarios designed and sensitivity options to evaluate the influence of climate policy and key drivers on the overall trajectory.
  • Plug & Play: Rapid set-up of the model thanks to the team's expertise and DARE's fully fledged technology database.

Use cases

Scenario-based approach, Feedstocks analysis, Competing technologies

Demand-side analysis, Investment need, Energy balance

Scenario-based analysis, Investments need, Material flow

JRC, European Commission, 2016, POTEnCIA Central Scenario. Retrieved from Central scenario
Eurostat, 2023, Complete Energy Balances Data Set, Retrieved from Energy balance visualisation tool
EEA greenhouse gases, 2023, Retrieved from EEA greenhouse gases — data viewer