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The cost-of-service model evolved to meet demand growth and to protect utility customers, rewarding capital investment in reliable assets: The model spreads the amortised investment plus operating costs and a reasonable rate of return across the increasing number of units demanded.

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Feeder automation systems detect, locate, and isolate faults and restore service in electric distribution feeders. Distribution feeders are the connexions between a sub-station and the distribution circuits that service customers.

Demand response management is a system that lets the utility coordinate and manage its various demand response programmes. A demand response programme is an agreement between the utility and the customer to reduce electrical load during times of peak demand and a mechanism to effect that shedding of load. Demand response programme mechanisms range from completely manual load reduction actions to fully automated systems triggered by signals sent by the utility.

Information about the goals and status of this initiative can be found on New York State’s website, http://www3.dps.ny.gov/W/PSCWeb.nsf/All/CC4F2EFA3A23551585257DEA007DCFE2?OpenDocument.

Deloitte, Architecting the operating model of the future: Enterprise model design, Deloitte Consulting LLP, 2015