A inclusão no sistema financeiro e o acesso a financiamento são condições essenciais para a criação e desenvolvimento de um tecido de Micro, Pequenas e Médias Empresas (MPME) robusto e sustentável a médio longo prazo, e para o crescimento económico de um país. A conclusão é da quarta edição do Observatório da Inclusão Financeira (OIF) da Deloitte, que revela que Angola conta com 800.000 MPMEi.
De acordo com o quarto artigo do OIF, existiam em 2010 entre 420 a 510 milhões de MPME no mundo, 85% das quais localizadas em países em desenvolvimentoi, com a região da África Subsaariana a representar cerca de 8,6% do total (aproximadamente 40 milhões de empresas). Dentro desta região, a Nigéria detém o maior número de MPME (24%), seguido da Tanzânia (11%) e do Congo (7%), com Angola a representar 2%.
Nesta edição é evidenciada a relação entre a actividade das MPME e o crescimento económico dos países, estimando-se que o contributo para o Produto Interno Bruto global seja aproximadamente de 65%. Contudo, são identificados alguns obstáculos ao desenvolvimento da actividade destas empresas nos países em desenvolvimentoii, como a exclusão do sistema financeiro e acesso a financiamento, o acesso a electricidade e a competição de empresas não formalizadas.
“Quando realizado de forma integrada e estruturada, o processo de inclusão financeira não só permite fornecer às empresas os instrumentos financeiros necessários ao desenvolvimento da sua actividade, como promover o desenvolvimento de outras dimensões como a formalização da economia, criação de um clima de negócios adequado e aumento da produtividade”, afirma José Barata, sócio e líder do sector de Serviços Financeiros da Deloitte em Angola
Perante este contexto, torna-se necessário trabalhar os desafios que estas empresas enfrentam e, assim, impulsionar o seu crescimento e o desenvolvimento das economias em que actuam, promovendo a sua diversificação e consolidação. Deste modo, deve ser implementado um conjunto integrado de acções, nomeadamente:
“A experiência acumulada ao longo dos últimos anos em diferentes geografias comprova que o desenvolvimento integrado destas quatro dimensões permite promover, de forma efectiva, o crescimento das MPME e reforçar a qualidade e robustez do tecido empresarial”, sublinha José Barata, da Deloitte. “Este efeito permitirá a criação de emprego, o aumento do rendimento das famílias e contribuirá activamente para o combate à pobreza e melhoria das condições de vida da população.”
O Observatório da Inclusão Financeira é uma plataforma de diálogo e colaboração entre agentes económicos, órgãos reguladores, instituições financeiras e sociedade civil, que tem como propósito acelerar o processo de inclusão da população num sistema financeiro acessível e transparente.
Aceda aqui ao artigo “Inclusão Financeira: Micro, Pequenas e Médias Empresas”.
i Fonte: International Finance Corporation
ii Fonte: International Labour Office
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